What are ghostsigns?
Ghostsigns are the typically faded remains of advertising that was once painted by hand onto the brickwork of buildings.  They can be found in cities, towns and villages across the country advertising many different products and services, some familiar, some less so.

A ghostsign for Black Cat cigarettes

Where can they be found?
There are examples all across the world but outside the UK and Ireland you would be most likely to find one in France, Belgium and the USA.  While these countries provide lots of examples from the past you can also find fresh signs being painted in many parts of the world including India, Mexico and countries in Africa.  In more developed countries they tend to be most common in former industrial centres, although you will also find them in the smallest country villages.  The key to finding them is paying attention to the buildings you pass and looking up as they are often situated up high on the walls.


When were they painted?
Using walls as a canvas for signs has a long history dating back at least as far as the ancient Egyptians.  The preserved ruins at Pompeii have painted lettering that can still be seen today.  While it is difficult to accurately date many of the ghostsigns within the project they are broadly placed in the later years on the 19th century and first half of the 20th century.  From the 1950s onwards the economics of production swung in favour of mass printed posters and billboards.  It is quite unusual to find hand painted signs produced after this time although some examples do exist.


How were they produced?
The signs were painted by skilled craftsmen known as signwriters, or 'walldogs' in some parts of the USA.  While the work available has been in significant decline there are still some plying the trade.  There are many different techniques employed in producing the signs and each signwriter would have carried out the task in a different way.  Smaller signs could be produced freehand, sometimes using the mortar lines in the brick to measure the height of the letters.  Another common method was using a spiked wheel to perforate the lines of a design into a sheet of paper.  This could then be place on the wall and patted with charcoal or chalk dust to leave an outline on the wall which could then be filled in with paint.  Depending on the skill of the signwriter and the budget of the client a sign could include many flourishes including illustrations and other decorative elements.

Signwriters at work

Who used them to advertise?
Businesses of all types and sizes once used hand painted advertising to publicise themselves.  These include smaller local companies who may have had a sign painted on there premises all the way up to big brands such as Gillette and Hovis which paid for signs across the country.  There are also many examples of signs that have outlived the company or product being advertising, Peterkin's Custard and Black Cat cigarettes (see picture above) for example.


Why is the project happening?
Many signs have survived until today but many more have been lost due to weathering, being painted over or their host building being destroyed.  The project aims to create a permanent record of their existence for the benefit of our own and future generations' understanding of this important but often overlooked part of our commercial, craft and advertising history.  The work of pulling this together is being co-ordinated among photographers, researchers and other volunteers via the web and will be launched on 18th March 2010 in the form of an online archive hosted by the History of Advertising Trust.

Where can I find out more and get involved?
The sites on the left all offer ways of keeping in touch with the project providing an ongoing record of progress and developments.  You can also get in touch via email, the address is ghostsigns@gmail.com.  If you have photos that you would like to offer to the project or information about particular signs then click here to find out more about getting involved.